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54 Number 43, Fall 2002 cartographic perspectives upper elevation shadows diminishes the visual weight of the entire map (a good thing when additional information needs to be added) without degrading the topographic form (Patterson, 2001). Transparent pastel colors are preferred. When choosing a palette to depict illuminated relief (as well as other map elements), the NPS seeks fault-tolerant colors that can withstand the vagaries of offset printing, conversion between CMYK and RGB color modes, and screen viewing on multiple computer plat- forms. Outside land muting Just as the natural and cultural worlds co-exist, so too must park and non- park lands on realistically designed NPS maps. Differentiating these areas by using figure-ground contrast is a simple matter of applying lightening or desaturation to non-park lands with an adjustment layer in Photoshop (Figure 12). Using a transparent green boundary ribbon accentuates the boundary. More problematic, many National Parks are surrounded by, or contain within their boundaries, an intricate quilt of public and private lands and "When choosing a palette to depict illuminated relief (as well as other map elements), the NPS seeks fault-tolerant colors that can withstand the vagaries of offset printing, conversion between CMYK and RGB color modes, and screen viewing on multiple computer platforms." Figure 10. (left) A Landsat image of Dinglestadt Glacier, Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska in late summer. Glaciers in nature can be untidy. (right) A manually enhanced depiction of the same area without medial and lateral moraines and blotchy patches of dirt, snow, and ice. The glacier snout has been given a domed appearance and a texture to suggest disintegrating ice. Smooth virgin ice and snow is shown at higher elevations. Figure 11. Illuminated relief: Mt. Hood, Oregon. Warm illumination and cool shadow tones strengthen the sense of three dimensionality in the topography despite the presence of prominent snow and forest textures.

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